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= Muslim Picture Questions =

1. For each picture describe what you see. Be specific. **2. In what way are the Muslims you see in the photo gallery different?** //**3. What do you think accounts for these differences?**// Pic. 1. I see that all the men in the supermarket have white robes and red/white headdresses on. Also there are no women in the market that I can see. The children are wearing regular clothes; they aren’t wearing headdresses and robes. Pic. 2. I see that in the picture the woman has a lot of piercings in her ears and in her nose. She also has different colors of makeup on. She has a gold and diamond head jewel that has three strings. It connects to her nose ring. She has makeup on her forehead that is shaped like a diamond with a black dot in the middle. She has earrings that go all the way up her ears and has ones one her earlobes that looks like pearls are attached to them. Judging by all of her jewelry, she is probably rich. Pic. 3. This picture looks like a gathering of people in an oasis. They are surrounded by palm trees and other plant life. Some of the people have full body white robes and are covering their faces. There are mostly children there and most of the adults there are female. Some look anxious, but most adults are showing no emotion at all. The children have smiles and look like they are excited about something. It looks like it is either dawn or dusk. Pic. 4. A picture of a mosque. None of the people are wearing robes or headdresses. It looks like a casual day. There are two children in the front of the picture and they look like they are selling rugs. I don’t think that there is any prayer sessions today because if there were, there would be Muslims everywhere dressed in robes and other religious clothing. Pic. 5 this picture has two ordinary kids sitting on a recliner watching Disney cartoons. One is a boy and one is a girl. They look like brother and sister. The cartoons on the television look like the old Disney cartoons, not the new ones. Also the television looks like an old one with antennas. The kids are wearing nothing special, just regular clothes. The couch that they are sitting in has unique designs. I think that this family is a middle class family because they have a television and a home. Pic. 6. This picture looks like kids at a school. All of the boys have the same kind of clothing on, but no shoes. There is a woman that looks like the teacher in a full body robe and a headdress connected to the robe. The little girls have similar clothes on as the woman. The “school” building just looks like a concrete structure with multiple doors. There looks like a playing area to the right of the children. Pic. 7. This picture just looks like a group of kids coming together to take a picture. Behind them there is a building with foreign writing all over the glass. All of the kids look jubilant; they have smiles and happy expressions on their faces. They look like their exited about something. Pic. 8. In this picture there is an old man with a yellow headdress and a robe. He looks like he might be an elder that others go to for advice. He has a pretty big beard and his eyes mention that he isn’t afraid to look anyone strait in the eye. There looks to be a fence behind him, but it is hard to make out. Pic. 9. In this picture, it looks like a man is writing song lyrics. The sheet that he isn’t writing on looks like it is formatted like a lyric sheet. He looks to be in a cave or an adobe structure. He has a sort of cape on and a white shirt underneath it. There is foreign writing on the paper. Pic. 10. There are a total of five people that are studying the Qur’an. Most are adults with colored robes and headdresses. They are outdoors and one of the men is sitting on a carpet. They all seem to be focused and they appear as if nothing can distract them from their holy book. I think that the eldest there is probably the “teacher” because he just looks most superior in the whole assembly. Pic. 11. This picture resembles farmers in a wheat field. They are all women and even though it appears hot, they are wearing full body robes and headdresses. They have wooden tools and look to be hard workers. They wouldn’t be slaves because it is against Muslim rule to own a slave. Pic 12. This picture shows three women walking down a mountain path. They don’t have bicycles, skateboards or cars; they are just walking. All three have packs at their sides, like backpacks. They seem to be teenagers. They have full body robes and headdresses. I think that they are friends because they are all together.

Some of the Muslims in the photo gallery have good lives, but some look like they are struggling. Some are studying the holy book Qur’an, some are watching television, others are at school, and most are at celebrations, having a good time. The differences in these photos are major. It shows the struggle, the different types of teachings, the kind of entertainment, the types of clothing that they wear, the riches, the wealthy life and the hard life. I think that all of these photos are different because my teacher wanted to show the class the different types of Muslim life. They are all different pictures of all diverse types of life, teachings and clothing. They are all different because of the story that they tell. Like the picture of the women working in the field, it says that the women help work in the fields. The group of kids outside building indicates that a school session might be in. all of these pictures tell different stories, that is why they are diverse

**Development of Islam Notes/ Graphic Organizer**
[|timeline.docx]

Comparative Religions Chart and Summary
[|Comparing Religions.doc]

Conformation that you passed the SAS: Islam: 5 Pillars Quiz
James Kripton completed the quiz for Islam: The Five Pillars.

Paragraph on Hadith:
A Hadith are sayings of Muhammad, they help make a better Muslim. The Muslims followed these sayings because Muhammad was a model of Islam, or a prophet. They contain how to make yourself a better person. Without all of these Hadiths, Muslims would be lost in this world. they guide Muslims to do the right things, follow the rules, hang out with the right people, not to do things that would put yourself and others in danger. Also to be generous and kind, to be fully truthful, and to never give off bad radiation and make others fell bad. A good Muslim gets a lush and plentiful afterlife if they follow the words of Muhammad and Allah, but if they don't, they will suffer!

Chapter 3; section 3 Notes Graphic Organizer
[|3.3 beliefs.doc] [|3.3 beliefs.doc] The Three Muslim Empires: Ottoman Turks, Safavid, Mogul

Ottoman Empire Being one of the most well known and successful empires of its time; the Ottoman Turks had many achievements. First off, they had one of the longest lasting empires. It lasted over 600 years! They also conquered Constantinople and made it their capital. It was renamed Istanbul. Salem the First took control of Mesopotamia, Egypt and Arabia, including Jerusalem, Mecca and Medina. The Ottoman Empire spread from the Black Sea to the Red Sea to the Strait of Gibraltar. That is over two thousand miles of land owned by the Ottomans There were also some superb rulers, too. Mehmet conquered Constantinople, with the help of colossal cannons. The Ottoman Empire reached its height when Suleiman the first came to rule. He ruled for 46 years and expanded the empire to the Eastern Mediterranean and pushed farther into Europe. Under the rule of Suleiman the first, the Empire also reached its cultural zenith. Poets wrote beautiful works and architects worked hard to change Istanbul from a Byzantine city to a Muslim one. The sultan is the leader or chief of the Empire. They made the decisions and issued laws. Ottoman society was split in two; one was the judges and others that advised the sultan they were called the ruling class. This class had to be loyal to sultan, practice Islam and understand Ottoman custom. The other class was made up of the people that didn’t meet these necessities. Many of this class were Christians and Jews that were conquered by the Ottomans. Millets were groups that Jews and Christians formed. Each millet had its own leader and religious laws. Ottoman society took rights and freedom away from women, something that they cherished. Women from the ruling class especially had their rights reduced. These women often had to live in a part of the house called the harem separated from the men. By doing this, women were separated from public life. However, some wealthy women could own property or business. The Ottoman Empire started on the Anatolian Peninsula in Turkey. This land was given to them from the Seljuk Turks. At first, the Ottomans were pastoral; but as they grew in size, the hunger for land became as intense as ever. As the Seljuk Turk became to decline, the Ottoman Turks began to expand, and the great Ottoman dynasty began. As the Ottomans began to grow they moved to the Balkans in the 14th century. As they expanded in size, a strong army was needed to protect this vast empire. The Ottomans took the title of sultan and began building a strong army by developing the janissaries, and elite military guard made up of Christians that were converted to Islam and trained to be foot soldiers or administers to the sultan. On April 6, 1253, the Ottoman Turks laid siege to the city of Constantinople. They waited and waited and finally on May 29, 1253, Constantinople fell to the Ottomans. They sacked the city for three days and many died in the process. The city was renamed Istanbul (as said in the first paragraph) and the sultans ruled there in the temple Topkaki. The administrators and the sultan lived in this temple and the four wives that the sultan chose lived in a part of the house called the harem. The Ottoman economy was fairly good because of its capitals location. Istanbul, the capital, was the crossroads from east and west, this ultimately making it the center of trade. Prophet was limited to only ten percent and the government tried to assure that trade was conducted reasonably. The foreign trade needed endorsement from the Ottoman government and exports were securely controlled, but even the military requirements; food, wood for ship building, clothes and minerals; were rarely allows to be exported because of the substantial state management in comers and many regulations. The social pyramid goes like this; the sultan was the overall leader, a stride below the sultan were a small group of prosperous honored leaders who were ascribed particular positions because they were fundamentally the sultans “slaves”. Next came the advisors to the sultan and the other people in the ruling class. The farmers, peasants, merchants, artisans and Christians and Jews made up the other class. The religion was Islam, obviously. The Ottomans had to practice five times a day, sunrise, afternoon, mid afternoon, dusk, and bed time. They practiced monotheism, the belief in one god. Their god was Allah, and his prophet was Muhammad. The Ottomans were Sunni Muslims though. The word Sunni come from the term Sunnah, which refers to the words or actions of the prophet Muhammad. Any person who claims to follow the Sunnah and can prove that they have no action or belief against the Prophetic Sunnah can consider him or herself to be a Sunni Muslim. Ty Kripton 11-15-10 `

**The Contributions of Muslims to World Civilization Graphic Organizer** ||
 * **Muslim Contribution** || **Symbol** || **This was an important contribution because…** ||
 * **Chess** || [[image:file:///C:/Users/51098030/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.jpg width="223" height="167" align="center" caption="clip_image002.jpg"]] || **They took a game from India and passed it on to Muslims who passed it onto us**
 * **Irrigation Techniques and Underground Wells** || [[image:file:///C:/Users/51098030/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image004.jpg width="259" height="194" align="center" caption="clip_image004.jpg"]] || **Underground wells and aqueducts beca4se water was scarce in the desert regions.** ||
 * **Zoology** || [[image:file:///C:/Users/51098030/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image006.jpg width="248" height="203" align="center" caption="clip_image006.jpg"]] || **The Muslims advanced in zoology. Because animals were used in everyday jobs, more information was wanted about them.**

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 * **Banking System** || [[image:file:///C:/Users/51098030/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image008.jpg width="212" height="175" align="center" caption="clip_image008.jpg"]] || **A banking system helped end confusions caused by many currencies that were in use. It allowed a check written in a town to be cashed in a distant town so that people could keep their money safe. The word check comes from the Arabian word //sakk//**//.//

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 * **Calligraphy** || [[image:file:///C:/Users/51098030/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image010.jpg width="259" height="194" align="center" caption="clip_image010.jpg"]] || **Fancy writing or highly decorative writing. Beautifully written writing. The Arabs used it to write the Qur’an**

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 * **Geometric and Floral Design** || [[image:file:///C:/Users/51098030/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image012.jpg width="223" height="226" align="center" caption="clip_image012.jpg"]] || **Muslims drew mostly abstract art. It is belief that human drawings would distract worshippers from praying to Allah.**

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 * **Bookmaking** || [[image:file:///C:/Users/51098030/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image014.jpg width="211" height="176" align="center" caption="clip_image014.jpg"]] || **Captured Chinese men taught the Muslims the wonder of paper and how to make it. As a result from this, books became more widespread. Books contributed to all types of learning.**

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 * **House of Wisdom** || [[image:file:///C:/Users/51098030/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image016.jpg width="148" height="187" align="center" caption="clip_image016.jpg"]] || **The House of Wisdom was founded by the Abbasid caliph al-Ma’mun in Baghdad in A.D. 830. In the House of Wisdom scholars from other lands came and translated text such as astronomy, mathematics, and logic.**

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 * **Astronomy** || [[image:file:///C:/Users/51098030/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image018.jpg width="143" height="194" align="center" caption="clip_image018.jpg"]] || **Astronomy was an area that Islamic scientist excelled in. for centuries, they believed that the Earth was at the center of the universe and the sun and stars rotated around the Earth. Muslim astronomers looked over this theory, made their own observations and corrected many mistakes.**

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 * **Algebra** || [[image:file:///C:/Users/51098030/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image020.jpg width="228" height="163" align="center" caption="clip_image020.jpg"]] || **Muslims were very involved in furthering the advance of ancient Greek mathematics. They would spend to stump hours trying to stump one and other with difficult math problems. The science of algebra was formally known of being introduced by Muslims.**

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 * **Hospitals** || [[image:file:///C:/Users/51098030/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image022.jpg width="259" height="194" align="center" caption="clip_image022.jpg"]] || **Concentration in curing illness can be traced back to the foundation of Islamic history. The Muslims first had hospitals and doctors. They were designed to help educate medical understanding, endorse health and cure diseases.**

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 * **Herbal Medicines & Pharmacies** || [[image:file:///C:/Users/51098030/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image024.jpg width="214" height="174" align="center" caption="clip_image024.jpg"]] || **Muslim doctors experimented with the treatment of disease with herbal medicines. Some drugs that they used were considered dangerous and were carefully watched and people had to have a prescription to take drugs.**

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 * **City of Baghdad** || [[image:file:///C:/Users/51098030/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image026.jpg width="268" height="188" align="center" caption="clip_image026.jpg"]] || **Baghdad was chosen by the Caliph al-Mansur to be the center of his empire in the eighth century. It was chosen because it lay between two rivers and was at the crossroads of great trade routes. Citizens of Baghdad lived in houses outside the city walls. A palace of marble and stone was put in the middle of the city because the Caliph wanted to live at the center of his empire.**

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 * **Polo** || [[image:file:///C:/Users/51098030/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image028.jpg width="190" height="266" align="center" caption="clip_image028.jpg"]] || **Polo was introduced to the Muslims by the Persians. This game is played on a grass field with two teams of four with goal post at either end. The game became a favorite of wealthy people because it used horses. The Muslims adapted and improved the game and it was then introduced to the Europeans.**

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 * **Libraries of Cordoba** || [[image:file:///C:/Users/51098030/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image030.jpg width="223" height="167" align="center" caption="clip_image030.jpg"]] || **The eighth century an independent city was established by the Spanish. Its capital Cordoba became a center of learning. It was known as the city of bibliophiles. Al-Hakam sent book buyers all over the empire to buy books for his vast library.**

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 * **Music of Andulusia** || [[image:file:///C:/Users/51098030/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image032.jpg width="230" height="219" align="center" caption="clip_image032.jpg"]] || **Music from Muslim Spain was a significant accomplishment in the Golden Age of Muslims. Musicians from all over Central Asia and Africa were hired by royal courts for entertainment. Poets and musicians worked as one to put together songs about love, nature and magnificent accomplishments of the empire.** ||